Street-pavement



time STATES I lIElNRY s. l-lALLWOOD,

or ooLuMnUs, OHIO.

STREET-PAVEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 400,767, dated April 2,1889. Application flied Ilnvemberlfi, 1888. Serial No. 291,023. ammo Toall whom it may concern:

ie it known that I, HENRY S. HALLWOOD, a citizen of the United States,residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, haveinvented a certain new i and useful Improvement in Street-Pavements, ofwhich the following is a specification.

Hy invention relates to the construction of strect-pavenients, and theobjects of my in- I re to provide a superior foundation andstri'ietrailwuys which shall be struction, in expensi ve and durable,andu'n 5h shall form a superior bed for g-blor of uniform solidity: tocombine said l)l lll(lil-li(lll a paving-surface eons. ng of suitablepaving-blocks so formed and arrange; d as to present a durable anduniform iraveling-surface having suitable foothohls therein to socmlstruct my improved pa ement as to prevent the individual settleit orsinking of the pavii'lg-blocks and the "ion of ruts; to provide a firmand sehmlation for street-railway tracks; to when desired, the necessityof using erossties or chairs in the construction of said railways andpresent a foundation for the same which shall be impervious to theaction of atmospheric influences, and. to so form and arrange thepaving-blocks adjoining the rails of street-railways as to preventinjury thereto by the contact therewith of the wheels of heavy vehicles.These objects l accomplish in the manner illustrated in the.iccompanying drawings, in which-- Figure l is a transverse section ofmy improved pavement wherein is laid the street railway track. lig.2is aview in perspective of a portion of my improved pavement, showing therailwaytrack combined therewith; and Fig. a perspective view of one ofthe paving-blocks.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout theseveral views.

'The crown of the street-havinbeen formed of the. desired convexity byexcavation, rolling, or otherwise, upon the earthen surface of thestreet thus shaped is first laid transversely of the street a coveringof boards, I), the latter having been first tarred or otherwisepreserved from the action of the atmosphere. In case a street-railway isto be constructed upon said street, two parallel lines, (1, of

plank are laid longitudinally upon said board covering Z). These planklines I are laid res pectively beneath the projected lines oftrackrails' l'pon the planks dthuslaid are seated and secured by spikesmade to penetrate the planks, or the planks and boards, the flanged baseof the metallic rails f. Upon the planks 1/, and on each side thereof,is then placed a covering, 0, preferably consisting of gravel or ofbroken stone, or of a mixture of both, said layer being preferably ofsuch depth as to be equal to or slightly greater than the height of thetrack-rail base-flanges and havin g its upper surface shaped to conformto the contour of the street-crown.

g reprosmus the pswing-blocks,which are preferably of what is known asvitrified clay, but may be of any desired hard sub- .stance, said blocksbeing, as shown, laid in such manner as to break joints. These pavingblocks are adapted to be laid, as shown, upon the bed of gravel orbroken stone, 0. l'pon those sides of each of these blocks at rightangles with the upper and lower sides are formed rows of continuoushorizontal grooves or corrugations i, encircling said blocks, for thepurpose hereinafter specified,

and each of said blocks preferably has its upper edges beveled, asshown.

As shownin the drawings forming a part of this application, theabove-described paving-blocks are laid between the railwayetracks,

as well as on each side thereof. Those blocks.

adjacent to each side of the tracks are made to approximately interlockwith said rails by having their ends'shaped to conform to the shape ofthe standard street-railway trackrail sides.

For thepurpose of promoting elearuess in my description I will designatethose blocks adjoining the outer sides of the track-rails by thereference-letter f" and those adjoining the inner sides of said rails asf These railblocks f j" are for the purpose hereinafter mentioned so setas to leave a slight space, 72, between the same and the rail. Thepavingblocks are oi such height as to project a short distance above thetrack-rails, as shown. The upper" surface of the inner track-block, f isfor a short-distance from the track-rail depressed until in line withthe surface of the bearing-flange 6f the track, while theupper edges ofthe track-blocks f on the side toward the track are beveled, as shown.

The herein-described paving-blocks are so laid as to leave slight spacesbetween them, said spaces being filled by pouring therein liquid pitch,cement, or other similar matter, which enters into the encirclingcorrugations or grooves 1', thereby firmly uniting the blocks. Thespaces It between the track-rails and blocks f f 2 are also similarlyfilled, thus firmly embedding the rails between the pavingblocks.

By the above-described construction it will be seen that a firm,compact, and durable pavement-foundation is afforded in a comparativelysimple and inexpensive manner, and that the uniform arrangement of eachsection and the superior character of the material used will obviate anytendency of a portion of the pavement to sink, and thus form depressionsand irregularities in the surface.

The peculiar method herein described of combining the building of astreet-railway with the pavement construction affords the advantages ofproviding a solid bed for the entire base of each of the rails and mayobviate the use of chairs and cross-ties and prevents the tendency ofthe rails to sag or bend laterally. The V-shaped depressions between thepaving-blocks formed by the bevels of the up1;;er-'edge thereofwillgrcatly facilitate the gaining of a foothold on the pavement. The

depressed surface of the rail-blocks f 2 adjoining the rail will admitof the running thereon of a wide-tired wheel without injury to thepavement or track.

I am aware of the patent to Virgil A. Gates and Mordicai Levi, ofSeptember 25, 1883, No. 285,746, wherein a layer of boards is made torest upon a bed of sand. It will be observed that in theherein-described foundation the boards are brought into direct con' tactwith the earthen surface of the street, thu causing the weight of thepavement to fall flatly upon the soft earth beneath and therebyobviating any tendency of the pavement to settle in part or wholly,which mightbe caused by the sinking of the gravel, sand, or othersimilar material heretofore used asa base for the foundation.

I am also aware that paving-blocks have been made with horizontalgrooves extending over only a portion of their sides, and I do not claimsaid construction.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim; and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. A rectangular paving-block having in its sides continuous horizontalgrooves or corrugations encircling said blocks and the upper edgesbeveled, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination, in a street-pavement, of the street-railway rails f,theadjoining paving-blocks ff, so set as to have their beveled top upona higher level than the top of the rail, the blocks f having one half oftheir surface depressed in line with the surface of the bearing-flangeof, the track and the other half having their tops upon a higher levelthan the top of the rail and the inner ends or sides adjoining saidrails conforming to the shape of the Web and flanges of, the rail, butwith an opening between them alongside the flange and the web of therail wherein pitch is poured, substantially as described.

3. In a street-pavement and railway-track, the combination of the layerof boards I), planks (I laid thereon, railway-track rails f, secured tosaid planks and boards, as described, and the layer of gravel, sand, orbroken stone, 0, upon said planks and boards, with the paving blocks orbricks resting upon said layer'c, substantially as described.

HENRY S. HALTAVOOD.

In presence o.f

C. W. ALLISON, C. C. SHEPHERD.

